History of the “Sounds” of Music Part #1966

The 1960s..."The Road to Woodstock" Evolution of the Sounds of Music

Classic Rock Turntables.com

By William W. Nelson

Founder of the Asheville School of Classic Rock

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1966

Introduction

We are now 3 years from the "Woodstock Music & Art Fair" (August 1969) billed as the "Counter Culture Nation Convention"... and, after the Wham of the British Invasion began in 1964 with "Beatlemania" things in the evolution of Music Soungs took another step... where Music played a pivotal role in the Counterculture movement with "Creativity" in full force. The Rock train is almost to the top O' the Mountain and is gaining speed... Rock On ♪♪♪

This year marked the 2nd pivotal year in the evolution of popular music, characterized by intense Artistic Innovation and Creativity. Several watershed albums were released that pushed the boundaries of songwriting, recording techniques, and artistic expression:

The Beach Boys' "Pet Sounds" featured Brian Wilson's deeply Autobiographical and Sonically Innovative Compositions.

The Beatles' "Revolver" showcased their Avant-garde Experimentation with Backward Tape Loops and new Studio Effects.

Bob Dylan's "Blonde on Blonde" was a sprawling double Album filled with Poetic Masterpieces... with numerous Backing Musicians, including members of Dylan's live Backing Band, the Hawks, aka The Band... "The trebly, clattering, part-Americana, part-speed freak rush he captured on these songs, topped by his own piercing harmonica, was indeed the sound of thin, wild mercury. And the highlight of any Dylan record — the lyrics — are among his best. His trademark wordplay is by turns venomous, tender, and always enigmatic". (Source)

The Rolling Stones "Aftermath" unleashed as their 1st "All-original" Album... their R&B Roots were almost nowhere to be heard, replaced by a Brittle, Bitter form of Power Pop. The Songs perfectly captured the mood of being a young, jaded rock star in Swinging London, and were underpinned by Charlie Watts’ light, jazzy touch on the drums.

John Mayhall & The Bluesbreakers - "Blues Breakers with Eric Captain"... I was moved by this!... I listen to this often... Clapton's 1960 Les Paul Standard is Awesome Blues Rock Fusion... their Cover of "What'd I Say"

Rock On ♪♪♪ (John Mayhall - Godfather of British Blues)

“It’s gotta be Blues Breakers. When that album hit the streets—I can’t begin to describe what an impact it had on every guitar player I knew. Within a few weeks, all the bands in town were messing around with “Hideaway” and “Steppin’ Out,” trying to get the riffs down, trying to get that sound.” (Altrockchick)

Simon & Garfunkel — "Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme"... Bruce Eder of AllMusic called it the duo's "first masterpiece", one that regarded "youthful exuberance and alienation, [proving] perennially popular among older, more thoughtful high-school students and legions of college audiences across generations." Andy Fyfe of BBC Music wrote in 2009 that he felt the record carried a sense of timelessness, calling its "boldest themes [...] still worryingly pertinent today," while remarking that the record as a whole "reflected the social upheaval of the mid-60s while playing as substantial a part in folk rock's evolution."

The Byrds - "Fifth Dimension"... The Album represented a move away from the Folk-Rock Sound of their earlier work towards a more psychedelic style. This shift coincided with the departure of Gene Clark, a principal songwriter, leading to increased songwriting contributions from Jim McGuinn and David Crosby... "Eight Miles High" is considered one of The Byrds' best Songs and a groundbreaking Track in Psychedelic Rock. Its raga-influenced guitar work and dreamy lyrics were innovative for the time. Traditional Folk covers "Wild Mountain Thyme" and "John Riley" are often highlighted as strong points of the Album.

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This competitive spirit led to the growth of new Genres expanding the Musical Landscape and setting the Stage for future Development:

Folk Rock: The Byrds are widely credited as the Pioneers of Folk Rock. Their signature jangly Guitar Sound and Harmonies were heavily influenced by Traditional Folk Music, particularly that of Bob Dylan. Their Cover of “Mr. Tambourine Man” in 1965 became the first Folk Rock Hit, peaking at number 1 on the charts. The Byrds’ other Hits, including “Turn! Turn! Turn!” and, especially, “Eight Miles High,” further cemented their place in the history of Folk Rock.

Bob Dylan is credited as the "Godfather of Folk Rock. His early acoustic Folk music was a major inspiration for the Genre, and his decision to switch to Electric guitar on Albums like “Bringing It All Back Home” and “Highway 61 Revisited” helped define the Sounds of Folk Rock. His influence can be heard in the music of Countless Folk Rock Artists, from The Byrds to The Beatles.

The Mamas & The Papas were a vocal group that blended Folk, Rock, and Pop Music. Their Harmonies and California-inspired Sounds made them one of the most popular Folk Rock Acts of the 60s... with the likes of “California Dreamin’” and “Monday, Monday” becoming Anthems of the Counterculture Movement.

Psychedelia Sounds: Extensive use of Electronic Sound effects using Synthesizers, Oscillators to produce repetitive, droning Sounds, and Tape Manipulation (Looping, Reverse Playback, and Speed Alteration) created by master Sound Engineers.

Two singles released in early 1966 are recognized as the first Psychedelic Hits: The Yardbirds' "Shapes of Things" and The Byrds' "Eight Miles High." Others include The 13th Floor Elevators "You're Gonna Miss Me," Donavan "Sunshine Superman," and The Mother's of Invention "Freak Out,"

Baroque Pop: The use of Harpsichords, String Quartets, and Orchestral Arrangements that create Complex, layered Harmonies and Melodies with Poetic, often Introspective lyrics. 1966 Songs include "Walk Away Renée" and "Pretty Ballerina" by The Left Banke, "Eleanor Rigby" by The Beatles, "Eight Miles High" by The Byrds, and "I Just Wasn't Made for These Times" by The Beach Boys.

Funk: A strong emphasis on rhythm and groove, with a prominent bass line... Syncopated, interlocking rhythms created by various instruments... use of extended Chords, often played by Guitars, Keyboards, and Horns... incorporation of Elements from Soul, R&B, and Jazz. James Brown's (the "Godfather of Soul) 1965 hit "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" is often cited as an early example of the Funk Sound. Others include Sly and the Family Stone, Earth, Wind, and Fire, and Kool and the Gang.

Bob Dylan revolutionized Lyrical Content, infusing Pop Music with deeper, more Socially Conscious Themes. The blending of Genres became more pronounced, with Musicians incorporating Elements from diverse Musical traditions, including Indian Classical Music. His crossover to the Electric Guitar... while some Purists felt alienated, others recognized the innovation and the blending of Folk and Rock Elements, which would influence the evolution of Rock Music.

This creative explosion wasn't limited to music; it extended to Fashion, Visual Arts, and Literature, reflecting the broader Cultural Shifts of the Era. The push for Artistic control challenged the commercial norms of the Music Industry, proving that innovative and experimental Music could achieve widespread success. This creative renaissance in 1965 laid the groundwork for the even more experimental and diverse artistic Expressions that would define the latter half of the 1960s and beyond.

Note: With eight #1 Hits to their name in both the US and the UK, Liverpool group The Beatles are awarded the MBE (Most Excellent Order of the British Empire) by the Queen. The Beatles release their 2nd hit Movie "Help!" in July. The Beatles hold the first major Stadium Concert inat Shea Stadium in New York City before 55,600 Fans. In September they have their 3rd US #1 Single of the Year, second of the year in the UK, with "Help."

Latin Music: Latin music genres such as Bossa nova, cha-cha-cha, and salsa continued to gain popularity. Bossa nova, with its smooth, Jazz-influenced Sound, was particularly influential, thanks to Artists like João Gilberto "Getz/Gilberto Vol. 2" and Antônio Carlos Jobim (the Father of Bossa nova). Others include Boogaloo "Bang Bang" by Joe Cuba Sextet, "Mais Que Nada" by Sergio Mendes & Brazil '66, and "La Bamba" by Richie Valens.

Soul: With its Roots in Gospel and R&B, was immensely popular in 1966. Artists like Otis Redding's "Try a Little Tenderness" exemplified the deep emotional expression characteristic of soul music. Aretha Franklin found acclaim and commercial success once she signed with Atlantic Records in 1966... She is one of the best-selling music artists, with over 75 million Records sold worldwide... recorded 112 charted Singles on the US Billboard Charts, including 73 Hot 100 entries, 17 Top-ten Pop Singles, 96 R&B entries and 20 number-one R&B Singles.

Rock Music Timeline

The Top Songs of 1966

The Single "Sounds of Silence" by New York City duo Simon & Garfunkel goes to #1 US, and #9 UK. Originally recorded with just Acoustic Guitar, the single is remixed with Electric Guitar, Drums and Bass by producer Tom Wilson.

The Beatles top the charts in both the US and UK with the Single "We Can Work It Out". It is their 12th #1 single in the US. They would top the Charts again in June with "Paperback Writer". The Album "Rubber Soul" released in December took the #1 Spot.

After completing 2 years in the Army, Pittsburgh Singer-Songwriter Lou Christie hits #1 US, #11 UK with the Single "Lightnin' Strikes". He had previously hit the US Top Ten in 1963 with "Two Faces Have I."

Detroit's gritty party Band Mitch Ryder & The Detroit Wheels hit the US Top Ten for the first time with the Single "Jenny Take a Ride". The song also tops the US R&B chart. The Song is a cover of Little Richard's 1957 #10 US hit "Jenny Jenny."

Singer Frank Sinatra's Daughter Nancy hits #1 in both the US and UK for the first time with her Single "These Boots Are Made For Walkin'" written and produced by Lee Hazelwood. The song is recorded in Los Angeles with Session Musicians The Wrecking Crew.

Motown Artist Stevie Wonder reached US #3 Pop, UK #14, and #1 US R&B with "Uptight, Everything's Alright". This is Wonder's first collaboration with Writer/Producer Sylvia Moy who would be critical in his Career moving forward.

A far cry from Rock & Roll, but Sergeant Barry Sadler goes to #1 US (#24) UK with "The Ballad of The Green Beret", a patriotic ode to the elite Special Forces unit of the US Army. This would be the best-selling single of 1966 in the US.

Texas Singer-Songwriter Bobby Fuller takes his song "I Fought The Law" to #9 US. Fuller would be found dead in his Car under suspicious circumstances in July 1966. He was 23 years old at the time of his Death.

After relocating to London in 1965, Los Angeles Group The Walker Brothers found success with two UK Top Five Singles and a #5 album. They score their second UK #1 Single with "The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore". The Song also reaches #13 US.

Paul Revere & The Raiders, a Rock band from Boise, Idaho have the 1st of 4 US Top Ten hits with "Kicks". They

Los Angeles "Blue-eyed Soul" duo The Righteous Brothers had their 5th US Top 10 and 2nd US #1 Single with the Song "(You're My) Soul and Inspiration"... reaches #15 in UK.

Producer and Jazz Musician Herb Alpert and his Band The Tijuana Brass had 4 Albums in 1966 "What Now My Love" and "S.R.O." reached the Top #1 and #2...

Cher, after two Top Ten hits in 1965 as a Duo with her Husband Sonny Bono, had a #2 US, and #3 UK Solo Hit with "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" written and produced by Sonny Bono.

Cleveland Band, The Outsiders, broke into the US Top Ten at #5 with the Single "Time Won't Let Me" written by the Group's Guitarist Tom King. The Band has 3 more Top 40 hits in 1966, but would never reach the US Top Ten again.

"Good Lovin'" is a #1 smash Hit in the US for Garfield, New Jersey R&B Band The Young Rascals (The Rascals) After their name change, they went on to have 2 more #1 Singles in '67 and '68 and a total of 6 Top Ten Singles in the US.

Former Folkies The Mama's and the Papa's evolved to a more Pop Sound on the #1 US, and #4 UK Single "Monday, Monday" from their debut Album ("If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears"). The Los Angeles-based Group had previously reached #4 US with their debut single "California Dreamin'".

Bob Dylan hits #2 in the US (#17 UK) with the Single "Rainy Day Women #12 & 35". Dylan tours the UK with his new Electric Band and is taunted with calls of "Judas" for ditching Folk, for Rock. The Song is included on Dylan's 7th album "Blonde On Blonde" #9 US, and #3 UK.

Manchester, UK Band The Mindbenders hit #2 in both the US and UK with the Single "Groovy Kind of Love" which went on to sell over a million Copies. The Group had previously hit #1 in 1965 with "Game of Love" with former lead singer Wayne Fontana.

R&B, Soul, and Gospel Singer, Percy Sledge of Leighton, Alabama hits #1 US, and #4 UK with his debut Single "When a Man Loves a Woman" on Atlantic Records.

Chicago Garage Band The Shadows of Knight hit the US Top Ten with their Cover of "Gloria". The song had previously been a UK Top Ten hit from Northern Ireland Band Them that was written by their Singer Van Morrison... (I prefer Vans)

Los Angeles Garage Band The Standells take their gritty ode to Boston, "Dirty Water", to #11 US. The song is written by the Band's producer Ed Cobb. The Standells later appear in several B-movies and on the CBS Sitcom The Munsters.

The Rolling Stones have their 3rd US, and sixth UK #1 single with "Paint It Black". Written by Jagger-Richards, it is the first Number 1 hit to feature the Sitar, as played by group founder Brian Jones.

Crooner Frank Sinatra hits #1 in the US and UK with the single "Strangers In The Night" with Lyrics by Charles Singleton and Eddie Snyder featuring the Scat Outro doo-be-doo-be-doo. The Song is based on an Instrumental by German Composer and Band Leader Bert Kaempfert.

After opening for The Beatles on several US Tour dates Easton, Pennsylvania Band The Cyrkle hit #2 US with the single "Red Rubber Ball" co-written by Paul Simon and Bruce Woodley. The Cyrkle would hit US #16 later in 1966 with "Turn Down Day".

California Art Rock Band The Mothers of Invention, led by Frank Zappa released their double Album debut - "Freak Out!​" The Album is one of the first "Concept" Albums and also one of the early double Albums in Rock Music.

North London, UK Singer Chris Farlowe goes to #1 in the UK with his Cover of The Rolling Stones song "Out Of Time". The Song was released on Stone's Manager Andrew Loog Oldham's Immediate Record Label. ​Farlowe would later work with the Progressive Jazz Rock Group Colosseum.

Andover, England Rock Band The Troggs have a #1 US, and #2 UK Single with "Wild Thing" written by American Chip Taylor. They would follow with three more Top Ten Hits in the UK in 1966 including the #1 single "With A Girl Like You."

After reaching #2 in the US twice with previous Singles, NYC Band The Lovin' Spoonful finally hit #1 US with the single "Summer In The City" (#8 UK). The Band also took their good-time music to the US Top Ten twice more in 1966 with "Daydream" and "Hums of the Lovin' Spoonful."

Nashville R&B and Soul Singer-Songwriter Bobby Hebb hits #2 US, #3 US R&B, and #12 UK with his Single "Sunny". Hebb is one of the opening Acts for The Beatles during their 1966 US tour.

Following the release of their 1st album in August, The Monkees TV show debuts on NBC in the US. The Show modeled on The Beatles Movie "Help!" drives the "made for TV" Band's debut Single "Last Train to Clarksville" to #1 US, and #23 UK in October.

UK Folkie gone Psychedelic Donovan has a #1 US, and #2 UK Hit with his Single "Sunshine Superman". In December he goes to #2 US, #8 UK with "Mellow Yellow". Donovan would have a total of 8 Top Ten hits in the UK and 4 in the US.

San Jose, California High School Combo Count Five go to #5 US with the Garage Rock cClassic Single "Psychotic Reaction". The Band released only one Album, breaking up when all of the members decided to pursue College Degrees rather than Rock Music.

The Four Tops Hit #1 on both the US and UK charts with "Reach Out I'll Be There" written and produced by the Motown Songwriting and Production team of Brian and Eddie Holland along with Lamont Dozier. The Group would have 18 US Top 20 hits extending into the 1980s.

Bay City, Michigan Garage Band Question Mark (?) and the Mysterians hit #1 in the US with their Electric Organ driven debut Single "96 Tears". Their next 2 Singles also Charted, but ultimately they were unable to match the success of their debut Single.

After writing Hits for the Monkees, Jay & The Americans and others, Brooklyn, New York Singer-Songwriter Neil Diamond break into the US Top Ten by performing his own Song "Cherry, Cherry". It would be the first of 9 Top Ten Singles for Diamond, including three #1's.

Motown Group The Supremes have their 8th US #1 single (#8 UK) with "You Keep Me Hangin' On" another Holland-Dozier-Holland composition. Hard Rock Band Vanilla Fudge would hit the US Top Ten with their version of the song less than a year later.

1966 Top 40 Albums - British in Red

1 The Beatles - Revolver

2 The Beach Boys - Pet Sounds

3 Bob Dylan - Blonde On Blonde

4 Maurice Jarre - Doctor Zhivago

5 The Monkees - The Monkees

6 Herb Alpert - Going Places

7 The Rolling Stones - Aftermath

8 Herb Alpert - What Now My Love

9 Simon & Garfunkel - Parsley, Sage, Rosemary & Thyme

10 The Mamas & The Papas - If You Can Believe Your Eyes & Ears

11 Frank Sinatra - Strangers In The Night

12 Simon & Garfunkel - Sounds Of Silence

13 The Beatles - Yesterday & Today

14 The Beach Boys - Best Of The Beach Boys

15 The Supremes - The Supremes A' Go-go

16 The Rolling Stones - Big Hits (High Tide & Green Grass)

17 Frank Sinatra - A Man & His Music

18 Sergio Mendes & Brasil '66 - Sergio Mendes & Brasil '66

19 Cream Fresh - Cream

20 Ray Conniff - Somewhere My Love

21 The Rolling Stones - Got Live If You Want It!

22 Staff Sergeant Barry Sadler - Ballads Of The Green Berets

23 The Mothers of Invention - Freak Out!

24 Jim Reeves - Distant Drums

25 Barbra Streisand Color Me Barbra

26 The Who - A Quick One

27 The Mamas & The Papas - The Mamas & The Papas

28 Frank Sinatra - In Concert: Sinatra At 'The Sands'

29 The Yardbirds - Over Under Sideways Down

30 Nancy Sinatra - Boots

31 Herman's Hermits - The Best Of Herman's Hermits

32 Original Cast Man Of La Mancha

33 Sam & Dave - Hold On I'm Comin'

34 Buck Owens - Carnegie Hall Concert

35 Paul Revere & the Raiders - Just Like Us!

36 Otis Redding - The Otis Redding Dictionary Of Soul

37 Andy Williams - Shadow Of Your Smile

38 Lovin' Spoonful - Hums Of The Lovin' Spoonful

39 The Animals - Animalisms

40 Dave Clark Five - Dave Clark Five's Greatest Hits

1966 Top Songs - British - Classic Rock

1 Frank Sinatra - Strangers in the Night

2 Nancy Sinatra - These Boots Are Made For Walking

3 The Beach Boys - Good Vibrations

4 The Beatles - Paperback Writer

5 The Beatles - Yellow Submarine

6 Simon & Garfunkel - The Sounds of Silence

7 The Rolling Stones - Paint it Black

8 The Mamas & The Papas - Monday Monday

9 The Four Tops - Reach Out (I'll Be There)

10 New Vaudeville Band - Winchester Cathedral

11 The Beatles - We Can Work it Out

12 Percy Sledge - When a Man Loves a Woman

13 The Beatles - Eleanor Rigby

14 The Beatles - Michelle

15 The Troggs - Wild Thing

16 The Mamas & The Papas - California Dreamin'

17 The Rolling Stones - 19th Nervous Breakdown

18 Lovin' Spoonful - Summer in the City

19 The Beach Boys - I Wanna Go Home (Sloop John B)

20 Herman's Hermits - No Milk Today

21 Los Bravos - Black is Black

22 Staff Sergeant Barry Sadler - Ballad of the Green Berets

23 The Kinks - Sunny Afternoon

24 The Monkees - Last Train to Clarksville

25 Donovan - Mellow Yellow

26 Tommy James & the Shondells - Hanky Panky

27 The Troggs - With a Girl Like You

28 The Hollies - Bus Stop

29 The Beach Boys - Barbara Ann

30 Donovan - Sunshine Superman

31 Cher - Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)

32 Chris Andrews - Yesterday Man

33 The Supremes - You Can't Hurry Love

34 The Hollies - Stop Stop Stop

35 Sonny & Cher - Little Man

36 Crispian St Peters - Pied Piper

37 The Supremes - (You Keep Me) Hangin' On

38 Peter & Gordon - Lady Godiva

39 Question Mark & The Mysterians - 96 Tears

40 Petula Clark - My Love

My Take on 1966

In 1966, the music scene was undergoing a significant transformation, marking a pivotal year in the evolution of rock and roll:

Transition from "rock and roll" to "rock": 1966 was a crucial year in the shift from the term "rock and roll" to simply "rock," signaling a change in the genre's perception and artistic ambitions.

Album-oriented focus: 1966 was the last year that seven-inch singles outsold twelve-inch LPs, indicating a shift towards album-oriented rock.

Experimental and complex compositions: Bands like The Beach Boys and The Beatles were pushing the boundaries of rock music with more complex harmonies, unconventional instruments, and experimental studio techniques.

Concept albums: The Beach Boys released "Pet Sounds" in 1966, followed by The Beatles' "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" in 1967, both considered early concept albums that elevated the artistic status of rock music.

Diverse influences: Rock music in 1966 was drawing from various sources, including early rock and roll, rhythm and blues, soul, country, rockabilly, and musical theater.

Technological advancements: Songs like The Beach Boys' "Good Vibrations" showcased the use of new recording technologies and production techniques.

Emergence of psychedelia: 1966 saw the rise of psychedelic rock, with bands incorporating new sounds and themes influenced by mind-altering experiences.

Continued relevance of R&B and soul: While rock was evolving, R&B and soul music remained significant influences and parallel developments in the music scene.

British Invasion influence: British bands like The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and The Who continued to shape the sound and direction of rock music.

Heightened artistic ambitions: Rock musicians began to view their work as a serious art form, moving beyond the perceived limitations of early rock and roll.

This period marked a significant evolution in rock music, transitioning from its earlier, simpler forms to a more complex and artistically ambitious genre. The changes in 1966 set the stage for the diverse rock subgenres that would emerge in the following years.

In 1966, several artists were particularly influential in shaping the music scene:

The Beatles: They continued to push boundaries with innovative studio techniques and more complex compositions. Their album "Revolver" was released in 1966, featuring experimental tracks like "Tomorrow Never Knows" and "Eleanor Rigby".

The Beach Boys: Their groundbreaking album "Pet Sounds" was released in 1966, elevating rock music to new artistic heights. The single "Good Vibrations" showcased advanced recording technologies and production techniques.

Bob Dylan: Already a prominent figure in folk music, Dylan continued to influence the rock scene with his poetic lyrics and evolving sound.

The Rolling Stones: They released the album "Aftermath" in 1966, further establishing their place as one of the most influential rock bands of the era.

The Who: They were part of the British Invasion and contributed to the evolving rock sound.

Otis Redding: A major force in soul music, Redding recorded hit songs like "Try a Little Tenderness" in 1966.

The Byrds: They were influential in developing folk rock and early psychedelic rock.

James Brown: He continued to be a dominant force in R&B and soul music.

The Kinks: They were part of the British Invasion and contributed to the rock scene of the mid-1960s.

Jimi Hendrix: Although his debut album wasn't released until 1967, Hendrix was already making waves in the music scene in 1966.

These artists were instrumental in the transition from early rock and roll to more complex and experimental forms of rock music, as well as the emergence of psychedelic rock and the continued importance of R&B and soul in shaping the overall music scene of 1966.

In 1966, several major musical trends defined the evolving landscape of popular music:

Transition from Rock 'n' Roll to Rock: The year marked a significant shift from the simpler rock 'n' roll of the 1950s to more complex and experimental rock music. This transformation was led by artists like The Beatles, The Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan, who pushed the boundaries of the genre with innovative studio techniques and sophisticated compositions.

Album-Oriented Rock: 1966 saw the rise of the long-playing album (LP) as the dominant medium over the single. Albums like The Beatles' "Revolver" and The Beach Boys' "Pet Sounds" exemplified this trend, showcasing cohesive artistic statements rather than collections of singles.

Psychedelic Rock: This subgenre began to take shape, characterized by experimental sounds, surreal lyrics, and influences from Eastern music. Songs like The Beatles' "Tomorrow Never Knows" and The Rolling Stones' "Paint It Black" incorporated psychedelic elements.

Folk Rock and Protest Music: Folk rock continued to grow, with artists like Bob Dylan blending folk music's lyrical depth with rock's electric sound. Social and political issues became prominent themes, reflecting the turbulent times.

Technological Innovations: Advances in recording technology allowed for more elaborate production techniques. Multi-track recording became more streamlined, enabling artists to experiment with sound in new ways. The Beatles' use of tape loops and unconventional instruments on "Revolver" is a notable example.

Diverse Influences and Fusion: Rock music in 1966 was influenced by a variety of genres, including blues, jazz, and classical music. This fusion led to innovative sounds and the creation of new subgenres like acid rock and garage rock.

Rise of the Guitar Hero: The concept of the "guitar hero" emerged, with musicians like Eric Clapton gaining prominence for their virtuosic playing. This trend would continue to shape rock music in the following years.

Social and Cultural Impact: Music in 1966 began to reflect and influence broader cultural and social changes. The connection between artists and their audiences grew stronger, with music becoming a medium for expressing and shaping public opinion on various issues.

These trends collectively contributed to making 1966 a landmark year in the history of rock music, setting the stage for future developments in the genre.

The year 1965 marked a significant period in the evolution of music, with diverse genres and styles emerging and gaining popularity. Here is my Take:

Rise of Folk Rock: 1965 saw the emergence of Folk Rock Fusion as a major Genre, blending Elements of Folk Music with Soft Rock and Roll. Bob Dylan's Electric Guitar Performance at the Newport Folk Festival signaled this shift. Dylan performed 4 Acoustic Songs, "All I Really Want to Do", "If You Gotta Go, Go Now", "Maggies Farm," and "Love Minus Zero/No Limit"

Dylan's performance inspired many Artists to blend Elements from both Styles... changing the Definition of "Folk Music" forever. One group benefited immensely from Dylan's performance... the Byrds who were at the forefront of creating the Folk Rock Genre. Their version of "Mr. Tambourine Man" reached number one on both the U.S. and UK charts in 1965, establishing them as International Stars. (Bob Dylan's Version)

The British Invasion Continued:

The British Invasion, which began in 1964, continued to influence American music. The statistical high point of the British Invasion occurred on June 18, 1965, when 14 records by British Artists occupied spots in the US Top 40 chart - a record that stood until 1983. The year saw another wave of Artists emerge. This included Groups playing in a more Pop Style (like The Hollies and The Zombies) as well as those with a harder-driving, Blues-based approach (like The Who).

Motown's Golden Age:

Motown Records was at its peak, producing hit after hit with its signature Soul Sound. Artists like The Supremes, The Temptations, and Marvin Gaye were topping the Charts... Little Stevie Wonder was no longer Little, Martha and the Vandellas continued to be prominent, Gladys Knight and the Pips and the Miracles were still hot.

Psychedelic Beginnings:

The seeds of psychedelic rock were planted in 1965, with bands like The Beatles experimenting with new sounds in albums like "Rubber Soul".

Also, Dylan's complex, poetic Lyrics and willingness to address Social and Political Themes expanded the possibilities for Rock Songwriting beyond simple love songs... plus experimenting with longer, more complex compositions took on the Radio Stations 3-minute Rule. His success in pushing Musical Boundaries switching to an Electric Guitar for a few Songs encouraged others to experiment and evolve their Sounds and Lyrics.

His Album "Highway 61 Revisited" was released in 1965 and is often cited as influential in the development of Psychedelic Rock, with its surrealistic Lyrics and innovative Musical Arrangements.

Traditional Musicals:

While popular music was evolving rapidly, traditional musicals still held significant cultural influence. "The Sound of Music" film was released in 1965, becoming one of the most successful movie musicals in history.

Technological Advancements:

Improvements in recording technology have allowed for more complex Productions... Multi-track Recording became more sophisticated, enabling artists to create Layered, intricate Soundscapes. The Moog Synthesizer allowed Musicians to create and manipulate Electronic Sounds, opening up new possibilities for Production and Composition.

Protest Music:

The Socio-political Climate of the 1960s influenced music greatly. Protest Songs addressing Civil and Women's Rights, the Vietnam War, and other social issues became increasingly popular... Phil Ochs "I Ain't Marching Anymore", Bob Dylan's "Blowin' in the Wind," "The Times Are a-Changin", and "Eve of Destruction" by Barry McGuire Songs are among the best for me.

Jazz Evolution:

Jazz continued to evolve, with Artists pushing the Boundaries of the Genre into more experimental Territories. Pete Seeger, Muddy Waters, Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Dave Brubeck, Herbie Mann, Duke Ellington, Stan Getz, and Count basie round-out the Top O' the Heap!

Country Music:

Country music was also a changin', with the "Nashville Sound" continuing to dominate, featuring smoother Production and more Pop-influenced arrangements. This style, pioneered by Producers like Chet Atkins, Steve Sholes, Owen Bradley, and Bob Ferguson aimed to make Country Music more palatable to Urban listeners.

Crossover Hits:

There was an increasing trend of songs crossing over between different charts (pop, R&B, country), indicating a blending of musical styles and audiences... including:

The Righteous Brothers - "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'"... Song topped both the Pop and R&B Charts, exemplifying the Blue-eyed Soul Sound.

The Four Tops - "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch)"... Motown hit reached #1 on both Pop and R&B Charts, showcasing Motown's ability to cross Genre Boundaries.

The Supremes - "Stop! In the Name of Love" and "Back in My Arms Again"... Both songs topped the pop and R&B charts, further cementing The Supremes' crossover appeal.

James Brown - "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag"...This Funk Classic reached #8 on the Pop Charts while topping the R&B Charts, helping to popularize Funk Music.

Roger Miller - "King of the Road"... This song was a rare triple Crossover, reaching #4 on the Pop Charts, #1 on the Country Charts, and #3 on the Easy Listening Charts.

Sam the Sham and the Pharaohs - "Wooly Bully"... the Song combines Elements of Rock, Dance Rock, and Traditional Mexican-American Conjunto Rhythms.

Willie's Personal Top 10 of 1966

The Rolling Stones - "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction"

The Song, with its iconic Guitar Riff created by Keith Richards, captured the frustration and disillusionment of the Youth during the 1960s, resonating deeply with Listeners. It became the Band's first number-one Hit in the United States and is often credited with solidifying their status as Rock Legends. The Track's raw energy and Rebellious Spirit helped define the Sound of Rock n Roll, influencing countless artists and bands that followed.

2. The Beatles - "Ticket to Ride"

Primarily composed by John Lennon, with contributions from Paul McCartney, the Song features a distinctive, Heavy Sound that was groundbreaking for its time. The Track is characterized by its droning A Chord, unconventional Drum Pattern inspired by Arabian Rhythms, and George Harrison's prominent 12-String Guitar Riff. Lyrically, it explores Themes of Romantic departure and Independence, with potential references to the Isle of Wight town of Ryde. "Ticket to Ride" showcases the Beatles' growing Musical Sophistication, blending Elements of Rock, Psychedelia, and World Music influences.

2. Barry McGuire - "Eve of Destruction"

The Song addresses a range of pressing Issues, the Vietnam War, the threat of Nuclear Annihilation, Civil Rights struggles, and Societal Hypocrisy. Its raw, urgent Lyrics and McGuire's impassioned delivery struck a Chord, making it an Anthem of Dissent and a Call for Change. Despite, or perhaps because of, its controversial Nature, the Song created stirring widespread Debate. Its stark portrayal of a World teetering on the brink of Destruction resonated deeply, reflecting the Anxieties and Aspirations of my Generation, especially Moi!

3. The Yardbirds - "Heart Full of Soul"

The Song is a landmark Track that showcases the Band's innovative Fusion of Rock and Eastern Musical Influences. It was the first Single released after Jeff Beck replaced Eric Clapton as Lead Guitarist. Initially, recorded with a Sitar to capture an Indian Sound, the Band ultimately opted for Beck's Electric Guitar, which emulated the Sitar's Timbre using a Fuzz Box. This pioneering use of Indian-influenced Guitar Stylings and Fuzz effects marked one of the earliest examples of Raga Rock. The Song's dark, haunting Melody, combined with Keith Relf's emotive Vocals, conveys themes of vulnerability and regret. It remains a defining Track in the Yardbirds' Catalog, influencing the development of Psychedelic and Garage Rock.

4. Beatles - "Rock "N" Roll Music"

Originally written and recorded by Chuck Berry in 1957, their rendition showcases John Lennon's dynamic Vocal performance, which contrasts with Berry's more measured Style and features George Martin (the 5th Beatle) on Piano. This Cover became a staple in their live Repertoire and was later included in the compilation Album "Rock 'n' Roll Music" released in 1976. The Song captures the essence of Rock n Roll, celebrating its infectious Rhythm and Danceability.

5. The Who - "My Generation"

It features Roger Daltrey's distinctive Stuttering Vocals, which were intended to convey the Frustration and Anger of the Youth at the time. The Song's aggressive Instrumentation, including one of the first Bass Solos played by John Entwistle, that perfectly complements its defiant Lyrics. Its impact on Rock music is significant, with many considering it a Proto-punk Song that influenced subsequent generations of Musicians.

6. The Byrds - "Turn! Turn! Turn!"

The Folk Rock's Lyrics are adapted almost verbatim from the Book of Ecclesiastes in the Bible. The Byrds' version, featuring Jim McGuinn's distinctive 12-String Rickenbacker Guitar Sounds, became their second number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It resonated strongly with the Public during the escalating Vietnam War... its message of Peace and the cyclical Nature of the Time struck a Chord with listeners.

7. The Rolling Stones - "The Last Time"

The Seminal Song features a distinctive Guitar Riff played by Brian Jones, with Keith Richards contributing Rhythm Guitar and Backing Vocals. The Song's Chorus borrows from the traditional Gospel Song "This May Be the Last Time," popularized by the Staple Singers... although the Stones adapted it with a more Rock-oriented and harder-hitting Sound.

8. Dave Clark Five - "Over and Over"

The song showcases the Band's signature energetic Style, featuring Mike Smith's powerful Lead Vocals and the Group's tight Instrumental backing. The Song exemplifies the DC5's ability to deliver Catchy, Uptempo Rock Songs that resonated with audiences during the British Invasion era. The song's driving Ehythm, punctuated by Dave Clark's distinctive Drumming and Denis Payton's Saxophone Riffs, helped solidify the Band's reputation as one of the leading Acts of the period.

9. The Beach Boys - "California Girls"

The Track is celebrated for its upbeat Melody and catchy Chorus, which expresses a longing for the idealized Lifestyle and beauty of California Women. Wilson's innovative Production Techniques shine through... featuring a distinctive 12-string Guitar intro played by Carl Wilson, which evokes a sunny, laid-back vibe reminiscent of the California Surf Culture. The Song's Lyrics contrast the charm of Girls from various Regions of the US... ultimately culminating in the iconic refrain, "I wish they all could be California girls."

10. The Animals - "We Gotta Get Out of This Place"

The Song features Eric Burdon's gritty, passionate Vocals and a distinctive opening Bass Line that immediately captures the urgency of its Message. Its Lyrics depict a Working-class Struggle and the desire to escape difficult circumstances, resonating strongly with Listeners. It gained particular significance during the Vietnam War, becoming immensely popular among US Soldiers and effectively serving as an unofficial Anthem for American Soldiers.

My Take on the Sounds of 1966

This year saw the rise of influential Rock Bands and the continued evolution of Pop Music. The British Invasion was in full swing, with The Beatles and The Rolling Stones dominating the Charts. The Byrds brought Folk Rock to the forefront... Bob Dylan's performance at Newport Jazz Fest where he "Went Electric" stunned many but I was all for it as I like both sides of their Sounds... we are on our way to Woodstock... Rock On ♪♪♪

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